Nouns: Locatives |
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There is a special ending put on nouns to express location. This ending has the basic form, /-ing/, as in the following:
jiimaan | boat | jiimaaning | in, on the boat |
(n)injiimaan | my boat | (n)injiimaaning | in, on my boat |
This ending is called the locative, and a noun carrying it is said to be locative. The meaning of the locative is vague, and can translate into a number of different English locational prepositions. Context usually specifies the particular sense intended in Anishinaabemowin.
For nouns that end in long vowels, the first vowel of the locative suffix is deleted, as in the following
Anishinaabe | Ojibwe person | Anishinaabeng | in, on the Ojibwe person |
ikwe | woman | ikweng | in, on the woman |
For nouns that have a basic form that ends in /iw/, such as inini, man, (basic form /ininiw/) or /aw/, such as oodena, town (basic form /oodenaw/), the final w is deleted before the locative, and the locative has a long vowel, as in the following:
Word | Basic Form | Gloss | Locative |
inini | /ininiw/ | man | ininiing |
oodena | /oodenaw/ | town | odenaang |
Nouns that end in short i or y in their basic forms have a locative suffix with an ii.
Word | Basic Form | Gloss | Locative |
aki | /aki/ | land, earth | akiing |
abwi | /abwi/ | paddle | abwiing |
asab | /asaby/ | net | asabiing |
asin | /asiny/ | stone | asiniing |
Nouns that have basic forms that end in a consonant followed by a w have locatives that sound like /ong/, as in the following words.
Word | Basic Form | Gloss | Locative |
wazhashk | /wazhashkw/ | muskrat | wazhashkong |
mooz | /moozw/ | moose | moozong |
akik | /akikw/ | pail | akikong |
aakoziiwigamig | /aakoziiwigamigw/ | hospital | aakoziiwigamigong |
Certain body part terms, and a few other words, have a special augment, /aa/, before the locative suffix.
Word | Basic Form | Gloss | Locative |
nizid | /nizid(aa)/ | my foot | nizidaang |
(n)indengway | /(n)indengway(aa)/ | my face | (n)indengwaang |
(n)indiy | /(n)indiy(aa)/ | my rump | (n)indiyaang |
mashkimod | /mashkimod(aa)/ | bag | mashkimodaang |